Biography of Albert Einstein, the Inventor of the Theory of Relativity

Source: Wikipedia. org

Who doesn't know the genius physicist Albert Einstein? Well, if you are curious about the full profile of the scientist, starting from his personal life, his cool discoveries, to the controversy about him, check out Albert Einstein's biography in this article!

Albert Einstein is a scientist who is so global that there is probably almost no human on earth who has never heard of his name. However, many also only know the name without knowing more about Albert Einstein. Well, that's why this Albert Einstein biographical article is here.

Here, you can get interesting information about this quirky scientist. Not only about his findings, but also about his achievements and personal life.

Surely you are curious, right, about how the genius Albert Einstein was as a child and teenager. Apart from him, maybe you will also be curious about the love and household life of this man who is estimated to have an IQ of around 160.

So how? Are you looking forward to reading the full profile and biography of Albert Einstein? If so, what are you waiting for? Come on, immediately see in the following description!

Personal life

Source: Wikipedia. org

Most people only know Albert Einstein from his discoveries that are very useful for science. Many don't know about Einstein outside of his profile as a famous scientist. However, in the following review you can find out about Einstein's personal life. So, read on for this Albert Einstein biography, OK!

1. Childhood

Let's start this biography of Albert Einstein with the time of his birth. Yes, this genius scientist was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire to Hermann Einstein and Pauline Koch. When Albert was born, his father, Hermann Einstein, worked as a feather bed dealer.

In 1880, the Einstein family moved to Munich, where Albert Einstein's father and uncle named Jacob founded the Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie, a factory that produced electrical equipment.

At the age of five, Albert Einstein was educated by his parents at the Munich Catholic Elementary School. And at the wish of his mother who is a piano player, Einstein included violin lessons.

However, he only lasted three years at the school. At the age of eight, Albert was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium which was also where he studied at the junior and senior high school levels.

2. Ever Considered Autistic

As a child, Albert was considered a stupid and autistic child because his speech ability was not like other children in general. He also has a quiet character and likes to play alone.

Not only that, until the age of seven Einstein was still angry and threw things at the people around him. In fact, his younger brother, Maja Einstein, who was born in November 1881 did not escape being the target of Albert's anger.

3. Albert's Interests in Physics and Mathematics

Albert Einstein's interest in physics began to appear at the age of five. At that time, little Albert was lying weak because of the illness he was suffering from. To cheer him up, his father then gave him a gift in the form of a pocket compass. At that time, Albert who was very fascinated by the compass realized that there was something unique and made him intrigued to know more about the object.

Yes, at that time Albert was still a grumpy child and had not been able to control his emotions. However, you need to know, he is a child who excels and is always able to become the class champion in his school.

As he gets older, Albert's abilities look even more amazing. At the age of 12, he studied algebra and Euclidean geometry on his own until he was finally able to prove himself the truth of the Pythagorean Theorem.

Albert's love for Geometry and Algebra led him to believe that this world can be understood through the structure of Mathematics. To make it happen, he continued to study and study until at the age of 14, Albert had mastered Integral and Differential Calculus.

Unfortunately, when Albert was 15 years old, in 1894, his father's company lost the tender for the project to supply electric lighting to the city of Munich. This defeat was due to the lack of capital to change the standard direct current (DC) equipment into an alternating current (AC) standard which is considered more efficient.

Apparently the failure of the Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie in winning the tender had a big impact. The factory had to be sold to cover the losses. As a result, the Einstein family had to move to Italy to find other businesses. However, at that time Albert had to live in Munich because he was still studying at the Luitpold Gymnasium.

Albert's final years at the Luitpold Gymnasium were apparently not as smooth as expected. He began to get annoyed with the learning system that ordered students to memorize so much material. According to Albert, so much memorization actually kills his creativity. He was so upset that he reasoned he was sick and handed over a doctor's letter to the school just so he could catch up with his parents in Italy.

4. Adolescence

At the age of 16, Albert took the entrance examination at the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zürich. He failed to achieve the minimum required score on the general knowledge exam, but surprisingly, Albert scored extraordinarily well in the Physics and Mathematics exams. Therefore, at the suggestion of the head of the polytechnic, he enrolled at the Argovian Gymnasium in Aarau, Switzerland to complete his high school education and prepare himself for college.

In January 1896, Albert renounced his German citizenship with the consent of his father. This was done in order to avoid conscription which was then imposed by Germany. Not in vain, thanks to his perseverance in the field of science, in September 1896, Albert successfully completed the Swiss Matura exam (the final exam for high school students) with a satisfactory score. Finally, at the age of 17, he was accepted into the D IV Mathematics and Physics Education program at the Zürich Polytechnic.

5. Romance Life

Source: Wikipedia. org

While in Switzerland, Albert lived with Professor Jost Winteler until he finally fell in love with Winteler's daughter, Marie. However, Albert's love story with Marie who was a year older than him did not continue because Marie moved to Olsberg, Switzerland to teach. In fact, it was Maja Einstein who married Paul, son of Jost Winteler.

While studying at the Zürich Polytechnic, Albert formed a friendship with Mileva Marić, the only woman out of six students in the D IV Mathematics and Physics Education program. However, over time, Albert's friendship with Mileva from Serbia turned into a love affair.

In 1900, Albert successfully completed his education and was awarded a teaching degree by the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule. Not only that, he was also accepted as a Swiss citizen in 1901.

During this time, he was still intensely in love with Mileva until in 1902 their daughter, Lieserl, was born. However, at that time Lieserl's birth was considered illegal because her parents were not married. Until now, no one knew about Lieserl's fate. Some say Lieserl was adopted, but there are also those who say that Albert's first daughter died in infancy due to dengue fever.

After that, Albert and Mileva finally married in January 1903. In May 1904, their first son was born, who was later named Hans Albert Einstein. Six years later, in July 1910, Mileva gave birth to a second son, Eudard Einstein.

6. Affair Scandal

This biography of course contains not only the greatness of Albert Einstein, but also his scandals. Yes, despite his success as an inventor, apparently Albert's love life is full of scandals.

When Mileva was pregnant with her second son, Albert often wrote letters to his first love, Marie Winteler, about his unhappy marriage and how much he loved Marie.

However, Mileva and Albert's household was not destroyed because of Marie, but because of Albert's cousin, Elsa Löwenthal. Albert and Elsa have been in an illicit relationship since 1912. At that time, both Albert and Elsa still had legal partners.

Unable to stand these conditions, Albert also filed for divorce from Mileva. However, Mileva refuses and wants her household with Albert to remain intact. Albert then agreed to stay with Mileva as long as his wife promised to wash clothes, clean the house, provide three meals a day in her room, not to ask for physical intercourse, and not to open her mouth unless asked by Albert.

Even though all the requirements from her husband were strange, Mileva agreed. However, the agreement did not last long because in the end, Mileva and Albert divorced on February 14, 1919.

After his divorce from Mileva, Albert had thought of marrying Elsa's daughter, Ilse, as a substitute for Elsa, who at that time was still the wife of Max Löwenthal. However, the plan did not materialize because four months after her divorce from Mileva, Elsa also divorced her husband.

Finally, Albert's desire to unite with Elsa was realized with their wedding which was held in 1919. Albert's second marriage lasted until Elsa died in December 1936 of heart and kidney disease.

Albert Einstein's Great Inventions

Albert Einstein's name, which is very well known to the world's public, is certainly not without reason. With his intelligence above average, Einstein managed to produce discoveries that are very useful for today's science. Curious what are the discoveries that made Albert Einstein famous? Check out the following explanation!

1. Theory of Relativity

The first theory as well as the most famous in Albert Einstein's biography is the Theory of Relativity which is divided into two, namely General Relativity and Special Relativity. The Special Theory of Relativity which shifted Newton's opinion about space and time and included electromagnetism as written in Maxwell's equations was introduced by Einstein in 1905. His theory is called special because it only applies to the principle of relativity in certain cases.

A few years after spawning the Special Theory of Relativity, Einstein coined the General Theory of Relativity, precisely in 1916. In his theory this time, Einstein united the Special Theory of Relativity with Newton's Law of Gravity. According to Einstein, gravity is not a force, but a manifestation of the curvature of space and time which is directly related to mass energy and linear momentum. This relationship is described by the Einstein Field Equation.

The theory of relativity became a bridge for the discovery of other theories, such as Simultaneous Relativity, Time Dilation, Relativistic Period, Long Contraction, Mass-Energy Equivalence which resulted in the formula E = mc2, and limited maximum speed.

2. Photoelectric Effect

The Photoelectric Effect was previously known as the Hertz Effect (now deprecated). The profiteering of Hertz's name cannot be separated from the services of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz who showed that electrodes illuminated with ultraviolet light would more easily create electric sparks. However, Einstein was later able to explain the Photoelectric Effect mathematically.

Einstein revealed that the Photoelectric Effect is an event of the emergence of an electric current or the release of negatively charged electrons from the surface of a metal due to the metal surface being irradiated with a beam of light that has a certain wavelength or frequency.

3. Move Brown

In fact, this theory was first proposed by a Scottish botanist named Robert Brown in 1827. Brown, who observed some particles using a microscope, later found that the movement of particles was getting faster the higher the temperature was.

However, Brownian Motion is better known to the world community because Albert Einstein published a paper discussing it in 1905. In that paper, Einstein stated that a microscopic particle floating in a medium will show random motion because of the many collisions caused by molecules. molecules on unequal sides of the particle.

This is what makes colloidal particles move in the same direction as the resultant vector of the forces acting on the colloidal particles. Einstein's opinion about Brownian motion was finally proven true by Jean Periin, a scientist from France.

4. Bose-Einstein Stats

This theory was originally developed by Satyendra Nath Bose in 1924 to 1925. The idea was later adopted and further expanded by Einstein in collaboration with Bose.

The Bose-Einstein statistic states that one of two possible ways in which a set of commensurate, non-interacting particles can occupy a set of discrete energy states available at thermodynamic equilibrium.

Many people often associate the Bose-Einstein Statistics with the Maxwell-Boltzman Statistics. Though the two have specific differences. Bose-Einstein statistics regulate identical particles that are indistinguishable, even though they can be counted. While Maxwell Boltzmann statistics arrange identical particles that can be distinguished in a certain way.

5. Wormhole Model

The Einstein-Rosen Bridge or also known as the Wormhole Model is the result of Albert Einstein's collaboration with a scientist named Nathan Rosen. In this model it is stated that if one end of the wormhole is positively charged, the other end will be negatively charged. With this invention, particle and antiparticle pairs can be explained.

Get Nobel

One more thing that must and must be included in Albert Einstein's biography, namely the Nobel Prize in Physics that was obtained by this scientist born in 1879. You might think that this Nobel Prize was earned thanks to his popular Theory of Relativity. However, it was not true because at that time the Theory of Relativity was still considered controversial.

In 1922, Albert was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect. However, since he was currently on a visit to the East Asia Region, the receiving process

In 1922, Albert was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the Photoelectric Effect. However, because at that time he was on a visit to the East Asia Region, the admission process was represented by a German diplomat. In his speech, the diplomat expressed his admiration for Albert who not only plays a role as a scientist, but also as a peace fighter and international activist.

So Love Music

When you read this biography of Albert Einstein, you will understand that this genius scientist did not only love physics and mathematics, but also music. How not, the blood of art also flows through Albert's body through his mother who is a pianist.

In a journal he wrote, Albert stated that if he did not become a physicist, then he would become a musician. At the age of 13, Albert became enamored with Mozart's musical compositions and learned to play an instrument by himself.

When he was 17 years old, his violin playing was heard by the school superintendent in Aarau. The supervisor then said that Albert showed a very great talent with his extraordinary musical playing.

Political and Religious Views

Being a genius scientist who is interested in the fields of Physics and Mathematics does not make Albert forget about politics. The proof, he once wrote an essay entitled Why Socialism?.

Yes, Albert is indeed more inclined to socialism and does not like capitalism which tends to make the rich more prosperous and the poor more miserable. Thanks to his views on politics, he is often offered to attend discussions that are actually completely unrelated to the fields of Physics or Mathematics.

Well, regarding his views on religion, Albert stated that he was a very religious non-religious person. He also expressed his distrust in the afterlife because according to Albert, one life was enough.

However, he seems to be very active with movements related to Judaism. This could be due to the influence of Albert's parents, who are Ashkenazi Jews.

In 1921, at the request of Chaim Weizmann who was chairman of the World Zionist Organization, Albert began to help raise funds for the establishment of a Jewish university. Finally, in 1925 the Hebrew University of Jerusalem was established. Thanks to his services, Albert was appointed as one of the first Board of Governors at the college.

When Israel was founded on May 14, 1948, Chaim Weizmann was asked to become its first president. However, after only four years in office, Weizmann died in November 1952. At that time, Albert Einstein was offered to become the new President of Israel. However, Albert refused and said that he was deeply moved as well as sad and ashamed because he could not accept it.

Einstein's Regret

It turns out that the great discoveries of Albert Einstein that we have mentioned in this biography were not only beneficial, but also disastrous. In 1920, Albert Einstein, who was still living in Berlin, conducted research with Leo Szillard, a Hungarian physicist. They developed an energy efficient refrigerator.

The product they developed was never marketed, but in 1933 Szillard reviewed the research and discovered the nuclear chain reaction. Convinced that German scientists would use it to make nuclear weapons, Szillard went to Einstein and asked him to warn the then President of the United States (by) Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Einstein was surprised and did not expect that his Special Theory of Relativity could be the working principle of the atomic bomb. Worried that Germany would destroy the world, Einstein then wrote a letter to President Roosevelt and finally agreed to help the American research and development of nuclear bombs. However, Einstein had to endure a lifetime of regret because America actually used the atomic bomb to conquer Japan.

In several biographies that write about Albert Einstein, it is stated that this genius scientist was very sorry for writing a letter to President Roosevelt explaining the atomic bomb. Because, even though the atomic bombing finally ended World War II, many Japanese civilians died because of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs.

The Death of the Great Scientist

Albert Einstein had suffered from an abdominal aortic aneurysm in 1948, but was successfully treated through surgery by Doctor Rudolph Nissen. However, on April 17, 1955, Einstein's abdominal aortic aneurysm ruptured, causing bleeding.

Despite having a life-threatening condition, he refused surgery. At that time, he said, “I want to go when I want to. It's tasteless to prolong life unnaturally. I have finished my business, it is time to go. I will do it elegantly.”

The next day, on April 18, 1955, Albert Einstein died at the age of 76 at Princeton Hospital, New Jersey, United States. However, his body was not put to rest because Princeton Hospital pathologist, Thomas Stoltz Harvey, took Albert's brain to be preserved and studied. While his body was cremated and his ashes scattered in an undisclosed location. This is the end of Albert Einstein's journey as well as the end of his biography.

Lessons to be Taken from Albert Einstein's Biography

That was Albert Einstein's biography that presented the life story of the great German scientist who received the title of Person of the Century from Time Magazine. Are you satisfied with the information above?

There are various lessons that can be drawn from this biography of Albert Einstein. One of them, you come to know that the life path of a great person is not always smooth. As the saying goes, the taller a tree is, the stronger the wind will be.

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